India and China’s Maritime Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific
India and China are locked in a high-stakes naval competition across the Indo-Pacific, with both nations racing to secure strategic sea lanes.
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India and China are locked in a high-stakes naval competition across the Indo-Pacific, with both nations racing to secure strategic sea lanes, expand naval bases, and project power far beyond their shores. From Beijing’s growing footprint in the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea to New Delhi’s submarine bastion at INS Varsha and forward deployments in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, this maritime rivalry could shape the region’s security dynamics, especially around Taiwan, critical chokepoints, and vital shipping corridors.
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Key Highlights
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Strategic Chokepoints: Malacca Strait, South China Sea passages, and the Bay of Bengal as potential flashpoints.
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Naval Expansion: China’s overseas bases (Djibouti, Myanmar, Pakistan, Bangladesh) vs. India’s INS Varsha and Andaman & Nicobar installations.
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Fleet Modernisation: China’s blue-water navy buildup (Type 055 destroyers, nuclear submarines, aircraft carriers) against India’s growing SSBN fleet and sea-denial assets.
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Regional Alliances: Quad engagements, trilateral exercises with Japan and Australia, and India’s “Act East” outreach, strengthening Indo-Pacific partnerships.
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Economic Stakes: 30% of global trade passes through these waters; energy imports, supply chains, and fishing grounds hang in the balance.
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